Copper

Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color.

Properties

• Phase: Solid
• Density: 8.96 g/cm³
• Melting Point: 1357.77 K
• Boiling Point: 2835 K

Uses

• Electrical wiring and coils
• Plumbing and piping
• Cookware and heat exchangers
• Coinage and decorative items
• Alloys like bronze and brass

Extraction Process

Copper is commonly extracted from ores such as chalcopyrite or malachite. The ore is crushed, concentrated, and smelted with charcoal to separate copper from rock. The molten copper is then refined to remove impurities and improve conductivity.